Direct and indirect

Direct and Indirect Speech

  When using indirect or reported speech, the form changes. Usually indirect speech is introduced by the verb said, as in I said, Bill said, or they said. Using the verb say in this tense, indicates that something was said in the past. In these cases, the main verb in the reported sentence is put in the past. If the main verb is already in a past tense, then the tense changes to another past tense; it can almost be seen as moving even further into the past.

Verb tense changes also characterize other situations using indirect speech. Note the changes shown in the chart and see the table below for examples. With indirect speech, the use of that is optional.

EXAMPLE.

Direct Speech	Þ	Indirect Speech
simple present He said, “I go to school every day.”	Þ	simple past He said (that) he went to school every day.
simple past He said, “I went to school every day.”	Þ	past perfect He said (that) he had gone to school every day.
present perfect He said, “I have gone to school every day.”	Þ	past perfect He said (that) he had gone to school every day.
present progressive He said, “I am going to school every day.”	Þ	past progressive He said (that) he was going to school every day.
past progressive He said, “I was going to school every day.”	Þ	perfect progressive He said (that) he had been going to school every day,
future (will) He said, “I will go to school every day.”	Þ	would + verb name He said (that) he would go to school every day.
future (going to) He said, “I am going to school every day.”	Þ	present progressive He said (that) he is going to school every day.
		past progressive He said (that) he was going to school every day
Direct Speech	Þ	Indirect Speech
auxiliary + verb name He said, “Do you go to school every day?” He said, “Where do you go to school?”	Þ	simple past He asked me if I went to school every day.* He asked me where I went to school.
imperative He said, “Go to school every day.”	Þ	infinitive He said to go to school every day.

Another situation is the one in which modal constructions are used. If the verb said is used, then the form of the modal, or another modal that has a past meaning is used.  EXAMPLE.

Direct Speech	Þ	Indirect Speech
can He said, “I can go to school every day.”	Þ	could He said (that) he could go to school every day.
may He said, “I may go to school every day.”	Þ	might He said (that) he might go to school every day.
might He said, “I might go to school every day.”
must He said, “I must go to school every day.”	Þ	had to He said (that) he had to go to school every day.
have to He said, “I have to go to school every day.”
should He said, “I should go to school every day.”	Þ	should He said (that) he should go to school every day.
ought to He said, “I ought to go to school every day.”	Þ	ought to He said (that) he ought to go to school every day.

Exercises

Answer thwse question, basing your answers on the text.
a. what word in paragrrafh 1 suggests that labour should be understood in an exact sense related to economics?
b. wich word can be taken as the opposite of objective?
c. what word in paragraf 2 indicates that a man is working only for himself?
d. what word in paragrafs 3 means egular payments for accommodation and equiment?
e. what word in the same part of paragraf 3 means regular expense?
f. what verb is used  in paragraf 3 to show that a business risk hask been wortwhile?
g. what phrase in the fourth paragraf is taken from farming to suggest that a surplus returns to the system from  whice it came in order to make bussines grow faster?
h. what word in paragraf 5 represents a set of condition and not a geografical location?
i.

conditional sentence

PRESENT TENSE

 

If it's raining here now, then it was raining on the West Coast this morning.

If it's raining now, then your laundry is getting wet.

If it's raining now, there will be mushrooms to pick next week.

If it rains this afternoon, then yesterday's weather forecast was wrong.

If it rains this afternoon, your garden party is doomed.

If it rains this afternoon, everybody will stay home.

If I become President, I'll lower taxes.

Jangan takut untuk mencoba

     Orang-orang yang berhenti belajar akan menjadi pemilik masa lalu. Orang-orang yang masih terusbelajar, akan menjadi pemilik masa depan janganlah anda menjadi orang yang tidak mempunyai pendirian yang ber ubah-ubah karna itu anda akan menjadi seperti orang bingung,tetaplah menjadi diri anda sendiri.

jika anda sedang benar, janganlah anda terlalu berani untuk mengambil keputusan,dan bila anda terlalu takut janganlah anda merasa takut,karna rasa takut akan membayangi kita bila kita terus ketakutan,

   belajarlah anda untuk mencoba,karna di dalam mencoba itulah kita menemukan dan belajar membangun kesempatan untuk berhasil.Tapi jangan coba-coba anda mencoba sesuatu yang buruk karna tidak akan membawa kedalam keberhasilan,

Mencobalah sesuatu yang akan membawa anda menuju keberhasilan, 

KU INGIN KAU TAU

Salahkah bila aku

Bila ungkapkan rasa cintaku kepadamu 

Wahai bintang hatiku

Cobalah tuk mengerti arti kejujuran hati

Saat ini tak akan kupungkiri

Biarkan saja waktu teruslah berputar

Agar ku dapat buktikan tulus cintaku kepadamu

Kuingin kau tau isi dihatiku

Kuingin kau tau dalamnya cintaku 

Kuingin kau tau tulusnya cintaku

Kuingin kau tau ku ingin kau ada

Cobalah tuk mengerti arti kejujuran hati

Saat ini takakan ku pungkiri

Biarlah saja waktu teruslah berputar

Agar kudapat buktikan tulus cintaku wooo

BY : PEPER's26

THE RED DEVIL

      Saya sangat senang sekali Manchaster united bisa masuk ke babak final,untuk masuk kebabak final tidak mudah bagi MU karna harus melawan team-team pilihan dari beberapa liga seperti liga Itali,Spanyol,Jerman dan melawan liga Inggris lainya,,di babak semi final MU harus bertemu dengan rival abadinya yaitu Chelshe,,
beruntung MU menang dalam pertandingan itu MU yang dididik oleh Sir alex ferguson yang sering di panggil Sir alex itu,Sir alex memakai strateginya untuk melawan chelshe dengan sekema 4-5-1 bisa menguasai jalanya pertandingan,,dengan skor 2-1 dan yang mencetak gool adalah Chicarito dimenit 2 dan dimenit 70 oleh ryan gigs dan dibals oleh lampard dimenit 82,.
akhirnya MU melangkah kebabak final melawan team tangguh dari liga spanyol yaitu Barcelona
barcelona sebelum kefinal melawan Real madrid di semifinal,dan pada akhirnya MU vs BARCELONA lah yang masuk final,,dan pada tanggal 29-05-2011 babak final dimulai,,walaupun kita belum tau siapa yg akan menang dalam pertandingan itu tapi saya yakin MU lah yang akan menang karna akan berlaga di stadion Wembly inggris,
Semangat buat Manchaster United aku selalu mendukung mu,,!!!!!

hello World :D

akhirnya ..
punya blog juga ..
setelah ngeribetin Lara sama Danan ,blog gue pun jadi ..
taraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa...
makasiiiih ya you both :*